Almost every child under the age of five develops rotavirus, but the disease is most severe in the youngest children. Is it possible to prevent infection and how to protect yourself from such a viral infection of the digestive system?

First of all, in order to understand how to prevent infection, you should learn about such nuances:

1. The virus is transmitted both through contaminated food, water or objects, and through direct contact with a sick person (in particular, with his secretions).
2. The virus is quite resistant to the usual disinfectants, tolerates cold well. It is killed by boiling and 95% ethyl alcohol.
3. From 10 viral particles are enough for infection, so the disease is easily transmitted from sick people to healthy ones, often causing epidemics.

What rules should be followed in order not to get infected?

You can protect yourself from the disease with the help of such measures:

• Wash your hands as often as possible using soap, especially after going to the toilet, walking, and before eating. You should also always wash your hands while caring for a sick child, when there was contact with his things or body.
• Drink only clean water.
• Scald fruit with boiling water before eating.
• Treat nipples, toys, bottles with boiling water.
• Allocate a separate dish for a sick child.
• Disinfect things of a sick child with a regular wash with powder or soap.
• A sick child should be isolated from healthy children, especially if there are unvaccinated infants in the first years of life in the family.

Graft

To the most effective measures Prevention is vaccination against rotavirus infection. The drug, which is given to children in the form of drops, contains live viruses, but significantly weakened. Depending on the manufacturer, the child is vaccinated two or three times, starting at six weeks of age. The vaccine is considered safe because it is tolerated by most babies without side effects and complications.

A long-awaited vacation, gentle warm sea, golden sand, vivid impressions - probably, a tourist thinks about this when setting off on a long-awaited trip. Behind the mass of positive emotions and pleasant anticipation, we sometimes forget that unpleasant surprises and even dangers, such as infections and viruses, can await us at sea. The most common virus that you can catch while on vacation is, of course, the insidious rotavirus.

Rotavirus in Russia and abroad

There is an erroneous opinion that, they say, an intestinal infection can only be caught in our “terrible” Russian resorts, while abroad everything is top-notch. This is far from true! Rotavirus is found in Turkey, Bulgaria, Greece, Thailand and other popular seaside resorts. Keep in mind that treatment abroad is many times more expensive than at home.

Where does rotavirus come from?

The causative agent of infection is found in water, earth, sand, household items, personal use and hygiene, as well as poorly washed vegetables, fruits, and poorly cooked food. This virus, unfortunately, is not afraid of temperature changes and therefore can take you by surprise at any time of the year, but most often in the summer.
Rotavirus at sea is quite easy to catch. This is facilitated by an environment favorable for the development of infection.

Rotavirus symptoms:

- nausea and vomiting
– diarrhea
- abdominal pain, colic
- Weakness and fever
- lack of appetite

How not to get sick with rotavirus at sea? (General rules)

In order to leave a good impression about your vacation, it is advisable to follow the recommendations of sanitary doctors, especially if you are traveling with a child, because the nursery the immune system much weaker than adults.

Here is a list of measures that you need to follow to protect yourself and loved ones from infection in the body:

1. Vaccination. Get your child vaccinated against rotavirus.
2. When swimming in the sea, avoid getting water in your mouth and intestines, try to supervise children so that they do not swallow water.
3. Be sure to wash your hands with soap and water after bathing, contact with sand, pebbles, shells, if this is not possible, treat your hands and your children's hands with antibacterial agents.
4. Drink and let the children drink bottled water.
5. Avoid eating at questionable establishments and buying hand-me-downs on the beach.
6. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly with warm water.
7. If possible, bring your own set of bed linen to the guest house.
8. As often as possible, remind your child about the rules of hygiene and keep his hands clean.

The myth of the ineffectiveness of the rotavirus vaccine

Rotavirus infections most often affect children under 5 years of age. And the rotavirus vaccine for children at the age of 2 is already losing its effectiveness, and even more so it is useless for adults. If you have not decided on the procedure in early age child, then when he grew up, there is no point in the vaccine.

1. Try not to rest during the peak months of the holiday season. For Russia, for example, these are July and August. During this period, the largest number of tourists is observed, and reaches maximum levels.
2. Avoid large and popular resorts during peak months. Do not swim in the bays (for example, as in)
3. Ask the locals where they swim. They never swim on the central and crowded beaches, with rare exceptions.

What to do if you get rotavirus?

It is necessary to treat rotavirus infection with the help of sorbent preparations, for example, activated charcoal, as well as rehydration agents, such as Regidron. Bring down the temperature in young children with antipyretic suppositories, and for adults and older children, you can use drugs that include paracetamol. No-shpa will help to cope with pain in the abdomen. Rotavirus infection accompanied by a violation of the intestinal microflora. After the main treatment, you will need a course of drugs that eliminate dysbacteriosis. During treatment, in no case do not give children and do not consume milk and sour-milk products, as lactic ferments will provoke pathological processes even more.

Stock up on the necessary medicines in advance, otherwise you will have to overpay for all this at the resort (enjoy the delights of capitalism!))

Good luck to everyone, do not get sick and rest wisely!

Most children under the age of five endure it at least once. infection. The pediatrician tells about its features.

Many parents are concerned about the increasing incidence of rotavirus infection in their children. Why is rotavirus dangerous, how to treat it, and are there ways to prevent it? The pediatrician answers questions.

Anastasia, what is Rotavirus?

it intestinal infection, which is caused by a virus of the Reovirus family. Infection occurs due to contact with the rotavirus on the mucous oral cavity, the virus penetrates further into digestive tract and starts to multiply small intestine causing adverse effects.

There are eight types of rotavirus, but a person can only become infected with three of them, while the disease proceeds in exactly the same way. The most common type of rotavirus infection in our country is A.

Rotavirus infection is characterized by seasonality, the virus is active at high humidity and is resistant to low and high temperatures. Most often, children get sick in the winter-spring and autumn-winter period.

What are the symptoms of rotavirus infection?

Characterized by an acute onset - vomiting, liquid stool, abdominal pain, fever.

How is the disease transmitted?

Through dirty hands, the infection enters the mouth, that is, by the fecal-oral route. Rotavirus is not transmitted by airborne droplets.

At what age are children most susceptible to the disease?

Until the age of five, almost every child has been ill with rotavirus at least once in their life, to one degree or another. This infection affects all age groups of the population.

How is the mass infection of children at school?

Children do not follow simple rules of personal hygiene - they do not wash their hands after visiting the toilet room. Then there are handshakes, games, they ate an apple, shared an apple with a friend, bit off a chocolate bar from a friend, and so on. This is how the infection spreads.

Why is rotavirus dangerous?

The main danger is fluid loss. Dehydration and intoxication lead to disruption of body functions.

How long after infection do symptoms of the disease appear?

The incubation period is from several hours to several days. Most often, symptoms appear on the first or second day.

How long does the acute period of the disease last?

This is individual for each case. Most often - from three to five days. The first three days are the most severe course of the disease.

What should I do if my child has a high temperature?

If the temperature is higher than 38.5 ° C, then it must be brought down with antipyretics. With the predominance of vomiting - rectal suppositories are better, with the prevalence of diarrheal syndrome - a suspension through the mouth. Paracetamol and ibuprofen are the drugs of choice.

Is there a special danger for small children under one year old?

As I said, we are afraid of fluid loss, respectively, the smaller the little man, the smaller the amount of fluid in his body. If the child has repeated vomiting and copious loose stools, then the child will quickly reach dehydration. Therefore, in severe cases - definitely a hospital.

Is it possible to treat the disease yourself?

At the first symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to consult a doctor so that he looks at the child, makes necessary tests and appointed proper treatment. Before being examined by a doctor, you need to start soldering the child with water - in small portions. Study self-treatment the child should not.

Do I need to feed my baby before the doctor prescribes treatment?

During illness with rotavirus infection, children most often refuse to eat, as vomiting prevails. But if the child asks for food, then it should be a non-greasy food that does not contain a lot of fiber. Great fit rice porrige, which fixes the chair and is a sorbent.

It is customary for the people to give Regidron to children when they are ill with rotavirus. Does it need to be done?

Regidron is a saline solution, it is a drug. To accept it or not - only the doctor decides.

Can treatment be done at home?

It all depends on the severity of the disease. If a light form- treatment can be carried out at home. If the disease is moderate or severe - hospital. In any case, this is determined by the doctor.

What if a child in the class has a lot of cases?

It is necessary to explain to the child that it is very important to observe the rules of personal hygiene.

What precautions to take in the apartment if the child is sick?

In this case, hygiene rules must also be observed. If vomiting or stool get on the surface, this place must be treated with disinfectants. Wash your hands more often.

What should be the restorative therapy after the main symptoms of the disease have subsided?

Compliance with an elimination diet (from the English. Elimination - an exception, elimination is a diet with the exclusion of certain foods from the diet - approx. Artem Magidovich) - it is necessary to temporarily exclude fatty foods and foods with high content fiber, as well as foods that cause relaxation of the intestines, with a gradual expansion of the diet.

What is the prevention of this disease?

Prevention - observance of the rules of personal hygiene and vaccination. Vaccination is carried out for children under the age of 32 weeks, that is, in infancy. This is the Rotatek vaccine. There is also a second vaccine - Rotarix - it is done up to 24 weeks. If the child was vaccinated at this age, then the vaccine will protect against the disease, if at a later age, then the vaccination will no longer have a positive effect. During the disease, vaccination will also not bring results.

In contact with

Classmates

Any preventive measures give their effect if their observance is preceded by preparation and informing about the features of the disease being prevented. It is especially important to follow the rules to prevent infection in places where the risk of getting sick is high: on vacation by the sea, in a camp or other children's group, in a public place. In this article, we will talk about measures that will help minimize the risks of contracting rotavirus.

Rotavirus infection is one of the most common in children. Its source is the carrier, in the feces of which is a large number of virus particles. Regardless of how the virus is transmitted, both a sick and a healthy person can be its carrier:

• child from the children's group,
• staff of the maternity hospital or the infectious diseases department of the hospital.

Rotavirus is transmitted by the fecal-oral route in one of three ways.:

• household contact (due to dirty hands or household items);
• water (when consuming water infected with viruses);
• food (when consuming milk or dairy products).

Sometimes airborne transmission of rotavirus is possible.

How not to infect and how not to get infected from a child

Prevention of rotavirus in children starts at home. If mom, dad or another family member is infected with the virus, some rules should be followed to protect children from the disease:

• if possible, take a break from caring for the baby for a while. If this is not possible, then you need to put on a gauze bandage and wash your hands before each contact with the child;
• wash the toilet and bathroom more often;
• wipe the surfaces of all objects and ventilate the room where the children are;
• if the child is fed breast milk, it is better to transfer him to the mixture or to expressed and boiled milk for the period of illness.

How to protect a child

Often the infection in children exists in an inactive phase, while its distribution still occurs. In this case, it is necessary to observe all the rules of hygiene as much as possible, apply antiviral drugs and limit contact with the patient.

The baby should be isolated for at least a week and a half. During this time, the room must be disinfected - wash clothes, boil dishes, wipe other items.

The virus is “afraid” of hot water, and cold water will not affect its activity in any way. Therefore, it is better to boil drinking water, baby bottles, nipples, toys, and pour boiling water over vegetables and fruits.

How not to get infected at sea

Arriving at sea, it is necessary to take a number of measures to prevent infection of the baby with rotavirus. If a child goes on vacation alone, the result of his prevention efforts largely depends on how to warn him from infection.

Before the trip, be sure to tell your child how to avoid infection, and follow the simple rules yourself:

• since rotavirus is well tolerated with water, you should not bathe too much from the beginning of the rest, as the body has not yet adapted to new conditions. Gradually, the bathing time in the sea can be increased;
• it is necessary to give the baby to drink bottled water and, preferably, specifically for children, since it is better cleaned in production than ordinary drinking water;
• on vacation, it is better to give the child familiar food: cereals, mashed potatoes, juices. Change can cause stress in the gastrointestinal tract, which will lead to the vulnerability of the intestine to all sorts of infections;
• food must be fresh and well-cooked;
• dairy products can be dangerous, so it is better to avoid them while traveling;
• it should be remembered that in places with a large concentration of people, pathogenic bacteria are many times more;
• hygiene standards must be strictly observed, that is, washing hands before eating should become an obligatory resort ritual;
• should be in the first aid kit necessary drugs for an immediate response to the onset of the disease.

Medicines: what to give the baby

Vaccines are widely used to prevent rotavirus. Other medications do not have a targeted effect on rotavirus. A single medicine for prevention has not been invented, therefore, doctors prescribe drugs, taking into account their general therapeutic effect on the body according to the symptoms that have arisen.

Enterol

The action of the drug is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of infection. Penetrating into the intestines, the drug begins to secrete enzymes that accelerate the breakdown of protein foods, and also activates enzymes to break down milk carbohydrates.

"Enterol" helps to cleanse the intestines from viral pathogens and toxins. In the organs, blood circulation is normalized and the formation of immune cells is stimulated. In addition, the drug allows you to retain fluid and salt, preventing dehydration.

Children are usually prescribed "Enterol" in powder - it is sold in sachets with a dosage of 100 or 250 mg. The required amount of the drug is diluted in 100 g of warm water.

• Children 1 year old take 1 sachet per day "Enterol" -100 or 1 sachet "Enterol" -250 divided into 2 doses per day. With severe diarrhea, apply up to 5 days;
• Children 2-5 years old take twice a day a sachet of "Enterol" -250 or 2 sachets of "Enterol" -100. Duration of admission - similar to one year of age;
• Children 6 years and older- 2-3 doses of 2 sachets of "Enterol" -250 or 4 sachets of "Enterol" -100.

Polysorb

The drug is an intestinal sorbent and has a large area of ​​effect. The drug stops diarrhea and minimizes intoxication of the body.

In the intestines, "Polysorb" is not absorbed, but collects toxins and is excreted along with them, freeing the body from viruses and the results of their vital activity. At the same time, its effect on nutrients is minimal.

The effectiveness of "Polysorb" is higher than that of activated carbon he does not give adverse reactions and suitable even for children and pregnant women. The drug is sold in powder form in sachets or jars.

The dosage depends on the body weight of the person:

• Children weighing up to 10 kg it is recommended to take 0.5-1.5 teaspoons per day. The powder is diluted in 50 ml of water;
• Children weighing 11-30 kg 1 teaspoon per day is recommended. To dissolve, you need 50 ml of water;
• Children weighing 30-40 kg recommend 2 heaping teaspoons per day. Water needs 100 ml.

Enterosgel

This is a sorbent with a spongy structure, thanks to which it absorbs toxins, pathogenic microorganisms and binds them. Harmful substances are excreted from the body with the sorbent within 12 hours. The drug is available in the form:

• sweet paste,
• gel,
• gelatin capsules.

For children under 10 years of age, the first two forms of drug release will be most suitable.

Dosage:

• Children under 0.5 years allowed to take 1/3 teaspoon of gel diluted with 2/3 teaspoon of water;
• Children 0.5-1 years old give 0.5 teaspoon of gel;
• Children 1-5 years old give 1 teaspoon of gel 2-3 times a day. You can mix it with water, tea, fruit puree;
• Children from 6 years old the drug is given 1 dessert spoon 3 times a day.

Vaccination: how to prevent the disease

One of the most reliable preventive measures against rotavirus is vaccination against it.. Usually, all vaccines are given to a child at an early age to facilitate contact with the disease. By the age of 3, antibodies to rotavirus will already be formed in the baby’s body, so vaccination will not be needed.

There are two types of vaccines:

• RV1 (consists of two doses),
• RV5 (consists of three doses).

The first dose is administered at 1-2 months of life. Each next - 4 months after the previous one. The rotavirus vaccine works well with other vaccines.

Vaccination can strengthen the body and significantly alleviate the course of the disease.. At the moment, vaccination against infection is the best way to prevent it.

Conclusion

1. Preventive measures against rotavirus infection are simple. However, as practice shows, their observance does not guarantee the absence of infection.
2. The most reliable means is vaccination, which is carried out according to the scheme after consultation with the pediatrician.

In contact with

Rotavirus is a fairly contagious disease that is easily transmitted from person to person. Most often, infection occurs when basic hygiene rules are not observed or when improper processing food products. This infection affects people different ages but children under six years of age are most susceptible to it. In large families, disease prevention becomes a particularly urgent problem, especially if there is already a sick person in the house. There are several recommendations on how not to become infected with rotavirus through contact with a sick person.

The main ways of transmission of infection

Rotavirus is infectious disease, which is easily picked up by contact with a sick person or in other ways. The main routes of infection look like this:

• Contact-household, in contact with a sick person or through things that the patient used.
• Food - through food that is infected with a pathogenic microorganism. Most often, these are vegetables and fruits that have not been washed properly.
• Water - when consuming water in which there is a pathogen. Such infection often occurs when swimming in open water in the summer.

Intestinal infection in some cases is very difficult. The patient has a high body temperature, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. In addition, there is lacrimation, runny nose and sore throat.

Recognizing an intestinal infection is easy. If a person has a persistent indigestion, which is complemented by signs of a respiratory infection, we can talk about rotavirus.

How long is a person infectious

A person is considered contagious for as long as he is sick. In addition, it releases pathogens for approximately two weeks after subsidence. acute signs illness. During this time period, it is quite possible to become infected with rotavirus from him through interior items or a toilet bowl.

After the patient has no symptoms of the disease at all, it is still necessary to observe enhanced hygiene measures for some time, treat all surfaces with a disinfectant solution and often ventilate the home.

How to protect yourself from rotavirus

In order not to become infected with rotavirus from a patient, certain rules must be observed:

1. Give the patient separate dishes, towels and other items.
2. Wash the dishes of an infected person with warm running water, and then pour over with boiling water or boil.
3. The towel is often washed, pre-soaked in a disinfectant solution before washing.
4. The caregiver should wear a gauze mask, change and launder their clothes regularly, and wash their hands frequently with soap and water.
5. The bathroom and especially the toilet are often washed with the addition of bleach.
6. Floors and all surfaces are wiped many times a day with the addition of chlorine-containing products.

These measures help prevent rotavirus infection, which greatly weakens the immune system.

A case of illness in a children's team

In case of illness of a child who attends Kindergarten or school, the teacher is informed. After that, quarantine is introduced in the group or class, during which only healthy children are accepted, without the slightest sign of illness. Quarantine for rotavirus usually lasts two weeks, and the countdown starts from the last case of the disease. All surfaces that children come into contact with are well washed and treated with special equipment. In the bathroom, Genoa bowls and pots are treated with a concentrated solution of chlorine.

Dishes for a group or class are singled out separately, they are washed separately from the rest of the kitchen utensils. Bed linen and towels are often changed and washed with hot water.

For the period of quarantine, new children, as well as those who were absent during the period of registration of the first case of infection, are not accepted into the kindergarten or school.

If a breastfeeding mother is ill

If a nursing woman is infected with rotavirus, then in order not to infect baby rotavirus, you need to follow a number of rules:

• Refuse to breastfeed the child for the entire period of illness. You can temporarily transfer the baby to formula milk or express milk, and then boil it.
• If possible, take a break from caring for the baby for a while. If this is not possible, then the woman puts on a gauze mask and thoroughly washes her hands before taking the baby.
• Toilet, bathroom and kitchen are cleaned frequently.
• In the room where the child is located, all surfaces are regularly wiped and the room is ventilated.

If possible, a sick mother is isolated in a separate room, and the care of the child is entrusted to the father and grandmothers. This approach will help to avoid infecting a small child with rotavirus.

A nursing woman during treatment should not forget to express milk. Such a measure will help maintain lactation and continue to breastfeed the baby after recovery.

What to do if there was contact with a sick person

The incubation period for rotavirus can vary greatly, ranging from a few hours to a week. It depends on the immunity of the person and the presence of some chronic diseases. Because of this incubation period a person does not yet know that he is sick, and continues to contact a wide range of people. If a person found out that someone from his social circle fell ill with such an infection, he begins to worry and think about what to do.

To prevent rotavirus infections in adults, after direct contact with patients, you can take antiviral drugs - Groprinosin, Isoprinosine or Arbidol. In most cases, this measure avoids intestinal infection.

Good preventive measure are rotavirus vaccines. They are made several times, and this is enough to protect yourself or your child from illness for a couple of years.

Precautions in healthcare facilities

If the rotavirus is severe or the child is too small, then the patient is placed in a hospital. To prevent cases of the disease among other patients, observe the following measures:

1. Patients with rotavirus are placed in separate boxes or semi-boxes, but in the latter case, people with the same diagnosis should be in both wards.
2. Restrict the movement of patients with intestinal infection along the corridors.
3. They often wash the wards with disinfectants and quartz.

In order not to get sick a large number of people in infectious diseases hospital, patients with rotavirus are placed in a separate wing. If this condition is not met and such people are in close proximity to other patients, then this threatens with an outbreak of infection.

Basic preventive measures

In order not to get sick with an intestinal infection, you should follow the basic rules of hygiene:

• Wash your hands often, especially after going outside and using the toilet.
• Boil drinking water or purify it in other ways.
• When swimming in water, try not to open your mouth.
• It is good to wash fruits and vegetables, and then pour boiling water over them.

Rotavirus infection is diagnosed very often in both children and adults. With timely treatment, it does not give complications and disappears without a trace in a few days. It is very important to organize a good drinking regimen for a sick person in order to replenish the lost fluid.